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The pure material is colorless, however pieces of technical-grade calcium carbide are grey or brown and consist of about 8085% of CaC2(the rest is CaO (calcium oxide), Ca3P2(calcium phosphide), CaS (calcium sulfide), Ca3N2(calcium nitride), SiC (silicon carbide), etc.). In the presence of trace moisture, technical-grade calcium carbide emits an unpleasant odor reminiscent of garlic.[4]
Freeman, Horace (1919).Manufacture of Cyanamide.
This reaction was an important part of theindustrial revolutionin chemistry, and was made possible in the USA as a result of massive amounts of inexpensivehydroelectric powerproduced atNiagara Fallsbefore the turn of the 20th century.[7]
as a fuel in steelmaking to extend the scrap ratio to liquid iron, depending on economics.
Massalimov, I. A.; Kireeva, M. S.; Sangalov, Yu. A. (2002). Structure and Properties of Mechanically Activated Barium Peroxide.
Calcium carbide is used in toy cannons such as theBig-Bang Cannon, as well as inbamboo cannons. In the Netherlands calcium carbide is used around new-year to shoot withmilk churns.[20]
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in thedesulfurisationof iron (pig ironcast ironand steel)
Carbide lamps were also used extensively asheadlightsin early automobiles, motorcycles and bicycles, but have been replaced entirely by electric lamps.[16]
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Moissan, H. (1892).Chimie Minrale Description dun nouveau four lectrique.
Calcium carbide reacts with nitrogen at high temperature to formcalcium cyanamide:[5]
The Chemical News and the Journal of Physical Science
At high temperatures, CaC2reacts with water vapor to give calcium carbonate, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.[citation needed]
The reaction of calcium carbide with water, producing acetylene andcalcium hydroxide,[5]was discovered byFriedrich Wöhlerin 1862.
CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Key:UIXRSLJINYRGFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Text is available under the; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to theTerms of UseandPrivacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of theWikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Calcium carbideis achemical compoundwith thechemical formulaof. Its main use industrially is in the production ofacetyleneandcalcium cyanamide.[3]
Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes
as a powerfuldeoxidizeratladletreatment facilities.
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Abeles, F. B. and Gahagan, H. E. III (1968).Abscission: The Role of Ethylene, Ethylene Analogues, Carbon Dioxide, and Oxygen.
Carbidschieten wordt feest(in Dutch).
The high temperature required for this reaction is not practically achievable by traditional combustion, so the reaction is performed in an electric arc furnace withgraphiteelectrodes. The carbide product produced generally contains around 80% calcium carbide by weight. The carbide is crushed to produce small lumps that can range from a few mm up to 50mm. The impurities are concentrated in the finer fractions. The CaC2content of the product is assayed by measuring the amount of acetylene produced on hydrolysis. As an example, the British and German standards for the content of the coarser fractions are 295 L/kg and 300 L/kg respectively (at 101 kPa pressure and 20C temperature). Impurities present in the carbide include phosphide, which producesphosphinewhen hydrolysed.[6]
Carbide lamps are still used for mining in some less wealthy countries, for example in thesilvermines nearPotosBolivia. Carbide lamps are also still used by somecaversexploring caves and other underground areas,[15]although they are increasingly being replaced in this use byLEDlights.
All articles with unsourced statements
(4): 311331.doi10.1021/ja02090a001.
Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997).
Government takes measures to curb development of calcium carbide sector. China Daily via BusyTrade.com. 2007-05-16. Archived from the original on 2007-02-11.
Calcium carbide is produced industrially in anelectric arc furnacefrom a mixture oflimeandcokeat approximately 2200C.[5]This method has not changed since its invention in 1892:
Morehead, J. T. and de Chalmot, G. (1896). The Manufacture of Calcium Carbide.
White powder to grey/black crystals
Calcium carbide, together withcalcium phosphide, is used in floating, self-igniting navalsignal flares, such as those produced by theHolmes Marine Life Protection Association.
In China, acetylene derived from calcium carbide remains a raw material for thechemical industry, in particular for the production ofpolyvinyl chloride. Locally produced acetylene is more economical than using imported oil.[12]Production of calcium carbide in China has been increasing. In 2005 output was 8.94 million tons, with the capacity to produce 17 million tons.[13]
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Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des sances de lAcadmie des sciences
Pure calcium carbide is a colourless solid. The common crystalline form at room temperature is a distortedrock-salt structurewith the C22−units lying parallel.[11]
. Food Safety and Standards Authority of India. Archived from the original on 2016-01-17.
Caving equipment and culture (from Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand).
The method for the production in anelectric arc furnacewas discovered in 1892 byT. L Willsonand independently byH. Moissanin the same year.[8][9][10]
Key:UIXRSLJINYRGFQ-UHFFFAOYAI
Calcium Carbide, Bernhard Langhammer, Ullmanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley Interscience. (Subscription required)
Bet on it. Your mango is ripened using carbide.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
Today acetylene is mainly manufactured by the partial combustion of methane or appears as a side product in the ethylene stream from cracking of hydrocarbons. Approximately 400,000 tonnes are produced this way annually (seeAcetylene Preparation).
2,300C (4,170F; 2,570K)
Vincoli, Jeffrey Wayne (25 November 1996).
Commonly known asnitrolim, calcium cyanamide is used as fertilizer. It is hydrolysed tocyanamide, H2NCN.[5]
Articles with unsourced statements from October 2014
Handbook of Inorganic Chemical Compounds
Applications of calcium carbide include manufacture ofacetylenegas, and for generation of acetylene incarbide lamps; manufacture of chemicals for fertilizer; and in steelmaking.
Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997).
Risk Management for Hazardous Chemicals
In the USA, Europe, and Japan, consumption of calcium carbide is generally declining.[14]Production levels in the USA in 1990s were 236,000 tons per year.[11]
(2nd ed.).Butterworth-HeinemannISBN0-08-037941-9.
NFPA Hazard Rating Information for Common Chemicals. Northeastern University
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(2nd ed.).Butterworth-Heinemann. p.298.ISBN0-08-037941-9.
This reaction was the basis of the industrial manufacture ofacetylene, and is the major industrial use of calcium carbide.
Renouf, Edward (1899).The use of Acetylene.
. McGraw-Hill.ISBN0-07-049439-8.
2,160C (3,920F; 2,430K)
Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state(at 25C [77F], 100kPa).
In the artificialripeningof fruit, calcium carbide is sometimes used as source of acetylene gas, which is aripening agentsimilar toethylene.[17]However, this is illegal in some countries because consumption of fruits artificially ripened using calcium carbide can cause serious health problems in those who eat them.[18][19]
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Dun, Ya (2006-01-23).Troubles in the PVC industry. Hong Kong Trade Development Council. Archived from the original on 2007-12-28.
Lacson, Jamie; Schlag, Stefan and Toki, Goro (December 2004).Calcium Carbide. SRI Consulting.
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This page was last edited on 16 January 2018, at 09:42.
(8): 12551258.doi10.1104/pp.43.8.1255PMC
Calcium carbide is used incarbide lamps. Water dripping on carbide produces acetylene gas, which burns and produces light. While these lamps gave steadier and brighter light than candles, they were dangerous incoalmines, where flammablemethanegas made them a serious hazard. The presence of flammable gases in coal mines led to minersafety lampssuch as theDavy lamp, in which a wire gauze reduces the risk of methane ignition. Carbide lamps were still used extensively inslatecopper, andtinmines where methane is not a serious hazard. Most miners lamps have now been replaced by electriclamps.
. CRC Press. p.429.ISBN978-1-56670-200-3.
American Miners Carbide Lamps: A Collectors Guide to American Carbide Mine Lighting
305C (581F; 578K) (acetylene)
Consuming Fruits Ripened Artificially by Calcium Carbide may pose Health Problems