Ancient monuments in Ujjain

Shivaor Mahadeva is the deity which is worshipped in Mangalnath temple. The Mangalnath temple is situated away from the bustle of the city and looks down upon a vast expanse of theKshipra River. It is regarded as the birthplace ofMars(mangalain Hindi), according to theMatsya Purana. Famous for a clear view of the planet and hence suitable for astronomical studies.2

Bhartrihari, the step brother ofVikramaditya, is believed to have lived and meditated here after renouncing worldly life. His famous works,ShringarshatakaVairagyashataka, andNitishataka, were possibly written here.

Shrimant Ranojirao Shinde the founder of Scindia dynasty in northern India, renovated the Famous jyotirling temple of Shri Mahakaaleshwar, Harsidhdhi Mandir, Sidhdhha Vat ghat, Ram ghat, Mangalnath and many more in the city, which was capital of his Kingdom.Mahadji Shindeconstructed Gopal Mandir, which was later on reconstructed by Maharani Bayzabai Raje Shinde. Shrimant Bayzabai also developed the city by developing Daulatganj. Maharajah Shrimant Jayaajirao Saheb Shinde (II) (1843 – 1886 A.D.) also developed Ujjain by developing Nai Sadak, Sarafa Bazar, Ghasmandi and other areas of the city. The last ruler of Scindia Dynasty Maharaja Jiwajirao Shinde constructed Chhatri Chowk, Madhav College, and Achyutanand Vyayamshala (with Pustake and Dingre). Jiwaji Rao Shinde also reconstructed Maharaj Vada in 1940 A.D. near Shri Mahakaaleshwar Temple which was originally built by Ranojirao Shinde in 1732 A.D. and further developments were made by Shreenath Mahadji Shinde from 1764 to 1794 A.D.

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Constructed by Bayajibai Shinde, the queen of MaharajahDaulat Rao Shinde, in the 19th century. The door in the inner sanctum is believed to have been carried toGhaznifrom theSomnathtemple and from thence byMahmud Shah AbdalitoLahore, from where it was rescued by Mahadji Scindia. For more information visit

It is situated on the banks ofShipra Riverand a beautiful ancient site. It is believed that there was once a majestic Sun temple at this site. The Avanti-mahatmya ofSkanda Puranahas recorded a description of the Sun temple and two tanks, The Surya Kunda and the Brahma Kunda. Remains of old temple are scattered all around. A fragmented inscription of this place records building of the palace in 1458 AD, in the time ofMahmud Khilji. The central dome of the palace is a beautiful example ofPersian architecture. Two Persian inscriptions record the visits ofAkbarandJehangirto this palace. The palace was broken by thePindarisand was restored byMadhav Rao Scindiain 1920.

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The worship of the eightBhairavasis a part ofSaivitetradition, and the chief among them isKala Bhairava. The Kal Bhairava temple is believed to have been built by King Bhadrasen, on the banks of theShipra. Mentioned in the Avanti Khanda of theSkanda Purana. Important for theandAghorasects, of which Ujjain was a prominent centre. Beautiful paintings in theMalwastyle once decorated the temple walls, only traces of which are visible. The village ofBhairogarh, famous for its printing, takes its name from the temple, and is located very near.

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The temple was reconstructed during theMarathaperiod and has two pillars adorned with lamps, that are special features of Maratha art. There is an ancient well on the premises, and an artistic pillar adorns the top of it.

This temple, situated above the tank near theMahakaleshwar Temple, contains a huge artistic sculpture ofGanesha, the son ofShiva. An idol of this size and beauty is rarely to be found. The middle of the temple is adorned by an idol of the panch-mukhi (five-faced)Hanuman. There is a provision for learning ofSanskritandAstrologyin the temple.

Chintaman means the assurer of freedom from worldly anxieties. This temple is built across theShipra(Kshipra)river on the Fatehabad railway line. The Ganesh idol in this temple is supposed to beswayambhu- born of itself.RiddhiandSiddhi, the consorts ofGanesha, are seated on either side ofGanesha. The temple is considered to be of considerable antiquity. The artistically carved pillars in the assembly hall date back to theParamaraperiod. The temple is about 15km from the main city. Every Wednesday people come for special darshana.

Features an enormousbanyantree on the banks of theShipra, considered sacred since the medieval ages. This banyan tree has got the same significance as that of akshayavata inPrayagandGaya, Vanshivata ofVrindavanand Panchavata ofNasik. Thousands of people take dip in theShipra Riverfrom the bathing ghats built here. According to one tradition,Parvatiis believed have performed her penance here. It used to be a place of worship for the followers of theNathasect. The little village ofBhairogarhnear Siddhawat is famous for its tie-and-die printing for centuries. In ancient times, when the trade with other counties flourished, exquisitely printed cloth fromBhairogarhused to find its way toRomeandChina.

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Ujjainis anof centralIndia, in theMalwaregion of the IndianstateofMadhya Pradesh, on the eastern bank of theKshipra River. In ancient times the city was called Ujjayini. As per epicMahabharataUjjayani was the capital ofAvanti Kingdom.

This famous temple is said to have been built by famous KingVikramditya. Vikramaditya is said to have visited Miyani, then known as Minalpur, a port city ruled by Prabhatsen Chavda ofChawdadynasty. Vikramadiya was blessed by the Devi. He requested Harsidhhi Mata, to come to his kingdom at Ujjain, where he would worship her daily.1She is also known as Vahanvati Mata. This temple occupies a special place in the galaxy of ancient sacred spots of Ujjain. The temple is dedicated toAnnapurna, seated between the idols ofMahalakshamiandMahasaraswati, theAnnapurnais painted with a dark vermillion colour. The Shri Yatra, the symbol of power or shakti, is also enshrined in this temple. According toShiva Purana, whenShivacarried away the burning body ofSatifrom the sacrificial fire, her elbow dropped at this place. There is an interesting legend in theSkanda Puranaabout the manner in which the GoddessChandiacquired the epithet ofHarsidhhi. Once whenShivaandParvatiwere alone on mountKailasha, two demons calledChandaandPrachandatried to force their way in. PleasesShivabestowed upon her the epithet ofHarsidhhimeans one who vanquishes all.

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Following is a list of ancient monuments inUjjain.

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The main deity, shiva in the lingam form is believed to beswayambhu(born of itself), deriving currents of power (Shakti) from within itself as against the other images and lingams which are ritually established and invested with mantra-shakti. The idol of Mahakaleshwar is known to be dakshinamurti, facing the South. This is a unique feature, upheld by tantric tradition to be found only in Mahakaleshwar among the 12 jyotirlingas. The idol of Omkareshwar Shiva is consecrated in the sanctum above the Mahakal shrine. The images ofGaneshParvatiandKarttikeyaare installed in the west, north and east of the sanctum sanctorum. To the south is the image ofNandi. The idol ofNagchandreshwaron the third storey is open for darshan only on the day ofNag Panchami. The temple has five levels one of which is underground. The temple itself is located in a spacious courtyard surrounded by massive walls near a lake. The shikhara or the spire is adorned with sculptural finery. Brass lamps light the way to the underground sanctum.

Ujjain in ancient times, enjoyed the reputation of being a great seat of learning as early as theMahabharataperiod. According toPuranictraditions, in theAshramaof GuruSandipaniKrishnaandSudamareceived their education. The area near the ashrama is known asankapata, popularly believed to have been the place used by Lord krishna for washing his writing tablet. The numerals 1 to 100 found on a stone are believed to have been engraved by Guru Sandipani. the Gomti Kunda, referred to in the Puranas, was the source of water supply to the ashrama in the olden days. An image ofNandi, belonging to theShungaperiod, is to be found near the tank. The followers of theVallabhasect regard this place as the 73rd seat of the 84 seats ofVallabhacharyawhere he delivered his discourses throughout India.

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Durgadasfought for the independence ofJodhpurafter the death of Maharaja Jaswant Singh and helped Ajit Singh to ascend the throne against the wishes ofAurangzeb. Durgadas died at Rampura in 1718 and his funeral rites were performed according to his wishes on the banks ofShipra River. The rulers of Jodhpur built theChatrias Memorial to Durgadas, whose funeral rites were performed at this place in 1718. This structure built in Rajpur style of architecture, housed a statue of Durgadas which crumbled down.

Gadkalika, situated about two miles from the present town, the deity in this temple is believed to have been worshiped byKalidasa. The legend goes that he used to visit this temple regularly and it is by this devotion to the goddessKalikathat he acquired great literary skill. Believed to have been frequented by Kalidasa, this temple was renovated byHarshavardhanin the7th century AD, and again during theParamaraperiod. The temple has been rebuilt in the modern times by the erstwhile Gwalior State.

This page was last edited on 18 February 2018, at 02:48

Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlingais a famousHindutemple dedicated toLord Shivaand is one of the twelveJyotirlingams, the sacred abodes of Shiva. It is located in the city ofUjjainin theMadhya Pradeshstate ofIndia. It is a three-storey temple, on the side of the lake called Rudra Sagar.

– Anobservatorybuilt by MaharajaJai Singh IIin 1725. It is located at

This is very attractive spot on the banks ofShipra River, quite close to theBhartrihariCaves and the Gadkalika temple. The shrine is dedicated to a leader of the Natha sect ofShaivismMatsyendranath. It is also venerated byMuslims. Excavations here have yielded artifacts dating to the 6th and 7th century BC.

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Monuments and memorials in Madhya Pradesh

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. It is still in use, and is one of the five the built (the others include theJantar Mantar (Jaipur)and theJantar Mantar (Delhi).

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